The RMD calculator question caught me off guard the first time I looked into it — I assumed I could just leave retirement accounts alone as long as I wanted. Turns out the IRS disagrees, once you hit a certain age.
This RMD calculator estimates your required minimum distribution using the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table, the same table most people use for their traditional IRA and 401(k) withdrawals.
RMD Calculator
Enter your age and your account balance as of December 31 of last year.
This uses the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table for account owners whose spouse is not the sole beneficiary more than 10 years younger. Different tables apply in that specific situation.
How the RMD Calculator Works
Your RMD is calculated by dividing your retirement account balance as of December 31 of the previous year by a life expectancy divisor from the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table. The divisor decreases as you age, which means your required withdrawal percentage increases over time.
When RMDs Start
Under the SECURE 2.0 Act, the RMD starting age is 73 for most people who turn 73 between 2023 and 2032. It’s scheduled to rise to 75 in 2033. Roth IRAs don’t require RMDs during the original owner’s lifetime, unlike traditional IRAs and most 401(k)s.
What Happens If You Miss an RMD
Missing an RMD deadline can trigger an IRS penalty — 25% of the amount not withdrawn, reduced to 10% if corrected within two years. This calculator gives an estimate; for your official RMD figure, your account custodian typically calculates and reports it to you and the IRS each year. The IRS RMD guidance page has the full rules and table.
How RMDs Interact With Your Broader Retirement Plan
RMDs count as taxable income, which can push you into a higher tax bracket or trigger a Medicare IRMAA surcharge. Our IRMAA calculator shows how additional income affects your Medicare premium, and our Retirement Budget Planner can help you see how an RMD fits into your overall income picture.
Frequently Asked Questions
At what age do I have to start taking RMDs?
Currently age 73 for most people, under the SECURE 2.0 Act. This is scheduled to increase to 75 starting in 2033.
How is my RMD calculated?
Divide your retirement account balance as of December 31 of the previous year by the IRS life expectancy divisor for your age, from the Uniform Lifetime Table.
Do Roth IRAs require RMDs?
No, not during the original account owner’s lifetime. This is one of the key differences between Roth and traditional retirement accounts.
What happens if I don’t take my RMD?
The IRS can assess a penalty of 25% of the amount you should have withdrawn, reduced to 10% if you correct the mistake within two years.
Do RMDs count as taxable income?
Yes, RMDs are generally taxed as ordinary income, which can also affect your Medicare IRMAA surcharge if it pushes your income higher.
This calculator is for general education, not tax or financial advice. Consult a tax professional or your account custodian for your official RMD amount. See our affiliate disclosure.